Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of TracFastCgi


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Timestamp:
01/17/13 19:34:39 (11 years ago)
Author:
trac
Comment:

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  • TracFastCgi

    v1 v2  
    11= Trac with FastCGI =
    22
    3 Since version 0.9, Trac supports being run through the [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI] interface. Like [wiki:TracModPython mod_python], this allows Trac to remain resident, and is faster than external CGI interfaces which must start a new process for each request. However, unlike mod_python, it is able to support [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/suexec.html SuEXEC]. Additionally, it is supported by much wider variety of web servers.
    4 
    5 {{{
    6 #!html
    7 <p style="background: #fdc; border: 2px solid #d00; font-style: italic; padding: 0 .5em; margin: 1em 0;">
    8 <strong>Note for Windows:</strong> Trac's FCGI does not run under Windows, as Windows does not implement Socket.fromfd, which is used by _fcgi.py
    9 </p>
    10 }}}
     3[http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI] interface allows Trac to remain resident much like with [wiki:TracModPython mod_python]. It is faster than external CGI interfaces which must start a new process for each request. However, unlike mod_python, FastCGI supports [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/suexec.html Apache SuEXEC], i.e. run with different permissions than web server. Additionally, it is supported by much wider variety of web servers.
     4
     5'''Note for Windows:''' Trac's FastCGI does not run under Windows, as Windows does not implement `Socket.fromfd`, which is used by `_fcgi.py`. If you want to connect to IIS, you may want to try [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP].
    116
    127== Simple Apache configuration ==
    138
    149There are two FastCGI modules commonly available for Apache: `mod_fastcgi` and
    15 `mod_fcgid`.  The `FastCgiIpcDir` and `FastCgiConfig` directives discussed
    16 below are `mod_fastcgi` directives; the `DefaultInitEnv` is a `mod_fcgid`
    17 directive.
    18 
    19 For `mod_fastcgi`, add the following to an appropriate Apache configuration
    20 file:
     10`mod_fcgid` (preferred). The latter is more up-to-date.
     11
     12==== setup with `mod_fastcgi` ====
     13`mod_fastcgi` uses `FastCgiIpcDir` and `FastCgiConfig` directives that should be added to an appropriate Apache configuration file:
    2114{{{
    2215# Enable fastcgi for .fcgi files
     
    4437}}}
    4538
    46 But neither of these will work for `mod_fcgid`.  A similar but partial
    47 solution for `mod_fcgid` is:
     39==== setup with `mod_fcgid` ====
     40Configure `ScriptAlias` (see TracCgi for details), but call `trac.fcgi`
     41instead of `trac.cgi`. Note that slash at the end - it is important.
     42{{{
     43ScriptAlias /trac /path/to/www/trac/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi/
     44}}}
     45
     46To setup Trac environment for `mod_fcgid` it is necessary to use
     47`DefaultInitEnv` directive. It cannot be used in `Directory` or
     48`Location` context, so if you need to support multiple projects, try
     49alternative environment setup below.
     50
    4851{{{
    4952DefaultInitEnv TRAC_ENV /path/to/env/trac/
    5053}}}
    51 But this cannot be used in `Directory` or `Location` context, which makes it
    52 difficult to support multiple projects.
    53 
    54 A better method which works for both of these modules (and for  [http://www.lighttpd.net/ lighttpd] and CGI as well), because it involves
    55 no server configuration settings for environment variables, is to set one
    56 of the variables in `trac.fcgi`, e.g.:
     54
     55==== alternative environment setup ====
     56A better method to specify path to Trac environment it to embed the path
     57into `trac.fcgi` script itself. That doesn't require configuration of server
     58environment variables, works for both FastCgi modules
     59(and for [http://www.lighttpd.net/ lighttpd] and CGI as well):
    5760{{{
    5861import os
     
    6568}}}
    6669
    67 Using this method, different projects can be supported by using different
    68 `.fcgi` scripts with different `ScriptAliases`, copying and appropriately
    69 renaming `trac.fcgi` and adding the above code to create each such script.
     70With this method different projects can be supported by using different
     71`.fcgi` scripts with different `ScriptAliases`.
    7072
    7173See [https://coderanger.net/~coderanger/httpd/fcgi_example.conf this fcgid example config] which uses a !ScriptAlias directive with trac.fcgi with a trailing / like this:
     
    7678== Simple Cherokee Configuration ==
    7779
    78 Configuration wanted.
     80The configuration on Cherokee's side is quite simple. You will only need to know that you can spawn Trac as an SCGI process.
     81You can either start it manually, or better yet, automatically by letting Cherokee spawn the server whenever it is down.
     82First set up an information source in cherokee-admin with a local interpreter.
     83
     84{{{
     85Host:
     86localhost:4433
     87
     88Interpreter:
     89/usr/bin/tracd —single-env —daemonize —protocol=scgi —hostname=localhost —port=4433 /path/to/project/
     90}}}
     91
     92If the port was not reachable, the interpreter command would be launched. Note that, in the definition of the information source, you will have to manually launch the spawner if you use a ''Remote host'' as ''Information source'' instead of a ''Local interpreter''.
     93
     94After doing this, we will just have to create a new rule managed by the SCGI handler to access Trac. It can be created in a new virtual server, trac.example.net for instance, and will only need two rules. The '''default''' one will use the SCGI handler associated to the previously created information source.
     95The second rule will be there to serve the few static files needed to correctly display the Trac interface. Create it as ''Directory rule'' for ''/chrome/common'' and just set it to the ''Static files'' handler and with a ''Document root'' that points to the appropriate files: ''/usr/share/trac/htdocs/''
    7996
    8097== Simple Lighttpd Configuration ==
     
    85102environments.  It has a very low memory footprint compared to other web servers and takes care of CPU load.
    86103
    87 For using `trac.fcgi` with lighttpd add the following to your lighttpd.conf:
    88 {{{
     104For using `trac.fcgi`(prior to 0.11) / fcgi_frontend.py (0.11) with lighttpd add the following to your lighttpd.conf:
     105{{{
     106#var.fcgi_binary="/usr/bin/python /path/to/fcgi_frontend.py" # 0.11 if installed with easy_setup, it is inside the egg directory
     107var.fcgi_binary="/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi" # 0.10 name of prior fcgi executable
    89108fastcgi.server = ("/trac" =>
     109   
    90110                   ("trac" =>
    91111                     ("socket" => "/tmp/trac-fastcgi.sock",
    92                       "bin-path" => "/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi",
     112                      "bin-path" => fcgi_binary,
    93113                      "check-local" => "disable",
    94114                      "bin-environment" =>
     
    103123using `bin-environment` (as in the section above on Apache configuration).
    104124
     125Note that lighttpd has a bug related to 'SCRIPT_NAME' and 'PATH_INFO' when the uri of fastcgi.server is '/' instead of '/trac' in this example, see #Trac2418. This should be fixed since lighttpd 1.4.23, and you may need to add `"fix-root-scriptname" => "enable"` as parameter of fastcgi.server.
     126
    105127For using two projects with lighttpd add the following to your `lighttpd.conf`:
    106128{{{
     
    108130                   ("first" =>
    109131                    ("socket" => "/tmp/trac-fastcgi-first.sock",
    110                      "bin-path" => "/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi",
     132                     "bin-path" => fcgi_binary,
    111133                     "check-local" => "disable",
    112134                     "bin-environment" =>
     
    117139                    ("second" =>
    118140                    ("socket" => "/tmp/trac-fastcgi-second.sock",
    119                      "bin-path" => "/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi",
     141                     "bin-path" => fcgi_binary,
    120142                     "check-local" => "disable",
    121143                     "bin-environment" =>
     
    131153if both are running from the same `trac.fcgi` script.
    132154{{{
    133 #!html
    134 <p style="background: #fdc; border: 2px solid #d00; font-style: italic; padding: 0 .5em; margin: 1em 0;">
    135 <strong>Note from c00i90wn:</strong> It's very important the order on which server.modules are loaded, if mod_auth is not loaded <strong>BEFORE</strong> mod_fastcgi, then the server will fail to authenticate the user.
    136 </p>
     155#!div class=important
     156'''Note''' It's very important the order on which server.modules are loaded, if mod_auth is not loaded '''BEFORE''' mod_fastcgi, then the server will fail to authenticate the user.
    137157}}}
    138158For authentication you should enable mod_auth in lighttpd.conf 'server.modules', select auth.backend and auth rules:
     
    193213                   ("trac" =>
    194214                     ("socket" => "/tmp/trac-fastcgi.sock",
    195                       "bin-path" => "/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi",
     215                      "bin-path" => fcgi_binary,
    196216                      "check-local" => "disable",
    197217                      "bin-environment" =>
     
    212232                        (
    213233                          "socket" => "/tmp/trac.sock",
    214                           "bin-path" => "/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi",
     234                          "bin-path" => fcgi_binary,
    215235                          "check-local" => "disable",
    216236                          "bin-environment" =>
     
    238258                   ("trac" =>
    239259                     ("socket" => "/tmp/trac-fastcgi.sock",
    240                       "bin-path" => "/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi",
     260                      "bin-path" => fcgi_binary,
    241261                      "check-local" => "disable",
    242262                      "bin-environment" =>
     
    247267                 )
    248268}}}
    249 For details about languages specification see TracFaq question 2.13.
     269For details about languages specification see [trac:TracFaq TracFaq] question 2.13.
    250270
    251271Other important information like [http://trac.lighttpd.net/trac/wiki/TracInstall this updated TracInstall page], [wiki:TracCgi#MappingStaticResources and this] are useful for non-fastcgi specific installation aspects.
     
    257277Note about running lighttpd with reduced permissions:
    258278
    259   If nothing else helps and trac.fcgi doesn't start with lighttpd settings __server.username = "www-data"__, __server.groupname = "www-data"__, then in the `bin-environment` section set `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` to the home directory of `www-data` or some other directory accessible to this account for writing.
    260 
    261 
    262 == Simple LiteSpeed Configuration ==
     279  If nothing else helps and trac.fcgi doesn't start with lighttpd settings `server.username = "www-data"`, `server.groupname = "www-data"`, then in the `bin-environment` section set `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` to the home directory of `www-data` or some other directory accessible to this account for writing.
     280
     281
     282== Simple !LiteSpeed Configuration ==
    263283
    264284The FastCGI front-end was developed primarily for use with alternative webservers, such as [http://www.litespeedtech.com/ LiteSpeed].
    265285
    266 LiteSpeed web server is an event-driven asynchronous Apache replacement designed from the ground-up to be secure, scalable, and operate with minimal resources. LiteSpeed can operate directly from an Apache config file and is targeted for business-critical environments.
    267 
    268 Setup
    269 
    270 1) Please make sure you have first have a working install of a Trac project. Test install with “tracd” first.
    271 
    272 2) Create a Virtual Host for this setup. From now on we will refer to this vhost as TracVhost. For this tutorial we will be assuming that your trac project will be accessible via:
     286!LiteSpeed web server is an event-driven asynchronous Apache replacement designed from the ground-up to be secure, scalable, and operate with minimal resources. !LiteSpeed can operate directly from an Apache config file and is targeted for business-critical environments.
     287
     288=== Setup ===
     289
     290 1. Please make sure you have first have a working install of a Trac project. Test install with “tracd” first.
     291
     292 2. Create a Virtual Host for this setup. From now on we will refer to this vhost as !TracVhost. For this tutorial we will be assuming that your trac project will be accessible via:
    273293
    274294{{{
     
    276296}}}
    277297
    278 3) Go “TracVhost → External Apps” tab and create a new “External Application”.
     298 3. Go “!TracVhost → External Apps” tab and create a new “External Application”.
    279299
    280300{{{
     
    294314}}}
    295315
    296 4) Optional. If you need to use htpasswd based authentication. Go to “TracVhost → Security” tab and create a new security “Realm”.
     316 4. Optional. If you need to use htpasswd based authentication. Go to “!TracVhost → Security” tab and create a new security “Realm”.
    297317
    298318{{{
     
    304324If you don’t have a htpasswd file or don’t know how to create the entries within one, go to http://sherylcanter.com/encrypt.php, to generate the user:password combos.
    305325
    306 5) Go to “PythonVhost → Contexts” and create a new “FCGI Context”.
     326 5. Go to “!PythonVhost → Contexts” and create a new “FCGI Context”.
    307327
    308328{{{
     
    312332}}}
    313333
    314 6) Modify /fullpathto/mytracproject/conf/trac.ini
     334 6. Modify `/fullpathto/mytracproject/conf/trac.ini`
    315335
    316336{{{
     
    321341}}}
    322342
    323 7) Restart LiteSpeed, “lswsctrl restart”, and access your new Trac project at:
     343 7. Restart !LiteSpeed, “lswsctrl restart”, and access your new Trac project at:
    324344
    325345{{{
     
    327347}}}
    328348
     349== Simple Nginx Configuration ==
     350
     351 1. Nginx configuration snippet - confirmed to work on 0.6.32
     352{{{
     353    server {
     354        listen       10.9.8.7:443;
     355        server_name  trac.example;
     356
     357        ssl                  on;
     358        ssl_certificate      /etc/ssl/trac.example.crt;
     359        ssl_certificate_key  /etc/ssl/trac.example.key;
     360
     361        ssl_session_timeout  5m;
     362
     363        ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
     364        ssl_ciphers  ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
     365        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
     366
     367        # (Or ``^/some/prefix/(.*)``.
     368        if ($uri ~ ^/(.*)) {
     369             set $path_info /$1;
     370        }
     371
     372        # You can copy this whole location to ``location [/some/prefix]/login``
     373        # and remove the auth entries below if you want Trac to enforce
     374        # authorization where appropriate instead of needing to authenticate
     375        # for accessing the whole site.
     376        # (Or ``location /some/prefix``.)
     377        location / {
     378            auth_basic            "trac realm";
     379            auth_basic_user_file /home/trac/htpasswd;
     380
     381            # socket address
     382            fastcgi_pass   unix:/home/trac/run/instance.sock;
     383
     384            # python - wsgi specific
     385            fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
     386
     387            ## WSGI REQUIRED VARIABLES
     388            # WSGI application name - trac instance prefix.
     389            # (Or ``fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME  /some/prefix``.)
     390            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        "";
     391            fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO          $path_info;
     392
     393            ## WSGI NEEDED VARIABLES - trac warns about them
     394            fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
     395            fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;
     396            fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
     397            fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
     398            fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING     $query_string;
     399
     400            # for authentication to work
     401            fastcgi_param  AUTH_USER          $remote_user;
     402            fastcgi_param  REMOTE_USER        $remote_user;
     403        }
     404    }
     405}}}
     406
     407 2. Modified trac.fcgi:
     408
     409{{{
     410#!/usr/bin/env python
     411import os
     412sockaddr = '/home/trac/run/instance.sock'
     413os.environ['TRAC_ENV'] = '/home/trac/instance'
     414
     415try:
     416     from trac.web.main import dispatch_request
     417     import trac.web._fcgi
     418
     419     fcgiserv = trac.web._fcgi.WSGIServer(dispatch_request,
     420          bindAddress = sockaddr, umask = 7)
     421     fcgiserv.run()
     422
     423except SystemExit:
     424    raise
     425except Exception, e:
     426    print 'Content-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n',
     427    print 'Oops...'
     428    print
     429    print 'Trac detected an internal error:'
     430    print
     431    print e
     432    print
     433    import traceback
     434    import StringIO
     435    tb = StringIO.StringIO()
     436    traceback.print_exc(file=tb)
     437    print tb.getvalue()
     438
     439}}}
     440
     441 3. reload nginx and launch trac.fcgi like that:
     442
     443{{{
     444trac@trac.example ~ $ ./trac-standalone-fcgi.py
     445}}}
     446
     447The above assumes that:
     448 * There is a user named 'trac' for running trac instances and keeping trac environments in its home directory.
     449 * `/home/trac/instance` contains a trac environment
     450 * `/home/trac/htpasswd` contains authentication information
     451 * `/home/trac/run` is owned by the same group the nginx runs under
     452  * and if your system is Linux the `/home/trac/run` has setgid bit set (`chmod g+s run`)
     453  * and patch from ticket #T7239 is applied, or you'll have to fix the socket file permissions every time
     454
     455Unfortunately nginx does not support variable expansion in fastcgi_pass directive.
     456Thus it is not possible to serve multiple trac instances from one server block.
     457
     458If you worry enough about security, run trac instances under separate users.
     459
     460Another way to run trac as a FCGI external application is offered in ticket #T6224
     461
    329462----
    330 See also TracCgi, TracModPython, TracInstall, TracGuide
     463See also:  TracGuide, TracInstall, [wiki:TracModWSGI ModWSGI], [wiki:TracCgi CGI], [wiki:TracModPython ModPython], [trac:TracNginxRecipe TracNginxRecipe]